[Vision2020] 06-06-04 AP: Clerics given new power to seize extremist, un-Islamic materials
Art Deco aka W. Fox
deco@moscow.com
Sun, 6 Jun 2004 10:52:57 -0700
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[Could something like this happen here in the future?]
Clerics given new power to seize extremist, un-Islamic materials
By Mohamed Khalifa
ASSOCIATED PRESS
8:31 a.m. June 5, 2004
CAIRO, Egypt - One of Islam's most-prominent religious institutions is
seizing extremist books and pamphlets sold on Cairo streets, and has been
granted the authority to confiscate materials deemed un-Islamic.
Egyptian rights activists worry authorities are creating a religious
police force akin to Saudi Arabia's Committee for the Protection of Virtue and
Prohibition of Vice that roams streets looking for violators of strict Islamic
social norms.
Unlike the Saudi religious police, the roaming clerics in Cairo have a
narrow mandate and do not have the power to make arrests, though they can report
suspicious activity to police for further investigation.
A cleric with al-Azhar, the foremost theological institute in the
mainstream Sunni sect of Islam, said Saturday that "secularists have nothing to
fear from this decision."
"I believe that this decision leans more toward targeting the
fundamentalist religious movement," Abd el-Azim al-Mataani, a member of al-Azhar
University's faculty, told The Associated Press. He said the aim appeared to
curb extremist literature that leads to "so-called terrorism."
The Muslim world has been under pressure since the Sept. 11 attacks in the
United States to reign in extremist rhetoric that could incite terrorist acts.
Justice Minister Farouk Seif el-Nasr's decision last month to empower
al-Azhar with search-and-seizure powers - something normally reserved for law
enforcement - came in response to al-Azhar's long-standing desire for more
authority to confront and confiscate material that violates Islam as well as
extremist writings readily available on the streets but printed without official
permission.
The independent daily newspaper Nahdet Masr reported Saturday that the
first search conducted by clerics of al-Azhar's Islamic Research Academy was
Thursday and involved searches of bookstores and publishing houses for religious
material that had been circulated without permission.
Nahdet Masr said the clerics had confiscated a couple hundred illegitimate
copies of the Quran and several Islamic tapes that had been released without
al-Azhar's consent, as required by law in Egypt.
Police officials confirmed the search and confiscation but gave no further
details. There was no answer Saturday at the academy.
Al-Azhar's influence among Sunni Muslims is considerable. Its decisions
and religious edicts have far-reaching influence in the Muslim world and its
clerics, called Azharis, are widely respected.
During the 1980s and 1990s, President Hosni Mubarak's government cracked
down heavily on Egyptian militant groups, jailing thousands. A wave of
fundamentalism in Egyptian society has led many to believe that al-Azhar,
fearing marginalization by more radical interpretations of Islam, is seeking to
appease extremists by cracking down on publications and behavior that is deemed
un-Islamic.
Rights groups fear having al-Azhar take on a policing role could infringe
on freedom of expression.
"A disaster" is how Hisham Kassem, head of the Egyptian Organization of
Human Rights, described the decision. "We were shocked by this."
"We condemn this," Kassem said. "The lines are not clear. ... We are fully
against widening the search and seizure powers of al-Azhar."
Powers of search and seizure normally have been restricted to police and
other branches of Egypt's security apparatus. Crackdowns regularly target items
deemed sexually explicit or religiously unacceptable.
Aides to several Justice Ministry officials said nobody was available to
comment on the issue.
Controversy over books or other publications is not unusual in Egypt,
where the secular government, in a precarious balancing act, tries to satisfy a
traditional, religiously conservative majority by portraying itself as no less
Islamic than its critics.
Bloody confrontations erupted three years ago between protesting students
and police when the government published a novel by a Syrian writer that was
deemed blasphemous.
In 2001, three state-published novels were banned after coming under fire
from Islamists in parliament for alleged indecency, and last month al-Azhar
urged the Egyptian government to ban a novel by an outspoken feminist writer,
saying it violates Islam.
"This is the beginnings of a religious police in Egypt," prominent
journalist and writer Adel Hammouda told the AP.
"This is very, very dangerous," he warned. "It is a subjective power that
gives the religious establishment an executive authority when it should only be
consultative."
Even having a permit to publish material will not be enough now, Hammouda
said, adding that "they can now be judge, jury and executioner."
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<DIV><FONT class=3Dsansmediumhead size=3D4><STRONG>[Could =
something like this=20
happen here in the future?]</STRONG></FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT class=3Dsansmediumhead><FONT=20
size=3D5><STRONG></STRONG></FONT></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT class=3Dsansmediumhead><FONT size=3D5><STRONG>Clerics =
given new=20
power to seize extremist, un-Islamic =
materials</STRONG></FONT><!---- END STORY TITLE -------->=20
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SAFE:SafeMode ---><!-- AP Photos XAN101-102 --><FONT=20
class=3Dbyline>By Mohamed Khalifa</FONT><BR><FONT =
class=3Dcredit>ASSOCIATED=20
PRESS=20
<P></FONT><FONT class=3Ddate>8:31 a.m. June 5, 2004=20
<P></FONT><FONT class=3Dnewstext><!-- BODYTEXT -->CAIRO, Egypt =96 =
One of=20
Islam's most-prominent religious institutions is seizing extremist =
books=20
and pamphlets sold on Cairo streets, and has been granted the =
authority to=20
confiscate materials deemed un-Islamic. <!---------- BEGIN =
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<P>Egyptian rights activists worry authorities are creating a =
religious=20
police force akin to Saudi Arabia's Committee for the Protection =
of Virtue=20
and Prohibition of Vice that roams streets looking for violators =
of strict=20
Islamic social norms.=20
<P>Unlike the Saudi religious police, the roaming clerics in Cairo =
have a=20
narrow mandate and do not have the power to make arrests, though =
they can=20
report suspicious activity to police for further investigation.=20
<P>A cleric with al-Azhar, the foremost theological institute in =
the=20
mainstream Sunni sect of Islam, said Saturday that "secularists =
have=20
nothing to fear from this decision."=20
<P>"I believe that this decision leans more toward targeting the=20
fundamentalist religious movement," Abd el-Azim al-Mataani, a =
member of=20
al-Azhar University's faculty, told The Associated Press. He said =
the aim=20
appeared to curb extremist literature that leads to "so-called =
terrorism."=20
<P>The Muslim world has been under pressure since the Sept. 11 =
attacks in=20
the United States to reign in extremist rhetoric that could incite =
terrorist acts.=20
<P>Justice Minister Farouk Seif el-Nasr's decision last month to =
empower=20
al-Azhar with search-and-seizure powers =96 something normally =
reserved for=20
law enforcement =96 came in response to al-Azhar's long-standing =
desire for=20
more authority to confront and confiscate material that violates =
Islam as=20
well as extremist writings readily available on the streets but =
printed=20
without official permission.=20
<P>The independent daily newspaper Nahdet Masr reported Saturday =
that the=20
first search conducted by clerics of al-Azhar's Islamic Research =
Academy=20
was Thursday and involved searches of bookstores and publishing =
houses for=20
religious material that had been circulated without permission.=20
<P>Nahdet Masr said the clerics had confiscated a couple hundred=20
illegitimate copies of the Quran and several Islamic tapes that =
had been=20
released without al-Azhar's consent, as required by law in Egypt.=20
<P>Police officials confirmed the search and confiscation but gave =
no=20
further details. There was no answer Saturday at the academy.=20
<P>Al-Azhar's influence among Sunni Muslims is considerable. Its =
decisions=20
and religious edicts have far-reaching influence in the Muslim =
world and=20
its clerics, called Azharis, are widely respected.=20
<P>During the 1980s and 1990s, President Hosni Mubarak's =
government=20
cracked down heavily on Egyptian militant groups, jailing =
thousands. A=20
wave of fundamentalism in Egyptian society has led many to believe =
that=20
al-Azhar, fearing marginalization by more radical interpretations =
of=20
Islam, is seeking to appease extremists by cracking down on =
publications=20
and behavior that is deemed un-Islamic.=20
<P>Rights groups fear having al-Azhar take on a policing role =
could=20
infringe on freedom of expression.=20
<P>"A disaster" is how Hisham Kassem, head of the Egyptian =
Organization of=20
Human Rights, described the decision. "We were shocked by this."=20
<P>"We condemn this," Kassem said. "The lines are not clear. ... =
We are=20
fully against widening the search and seizure powers of al-Azhar." =
<P>Powers of search and seizure normally have been restricted to =
police=20
and other branches of Egypt's security apparatus. Crackdowns =
regularly=20
target items deemed sexually explicit or religiously unacceptable. =
<P>Aides to several Justice Ministry officials said nobody was =
available=20
to comment on the issue.=20
<P>Controversy over books or other publications is not unusual in =
Egypt,=20
where the secular government, in a precarious balancing act, tries =
to=20
satisfy a traditional, religiously conservative majority by =
portraying=20
itself as no less Islamic than its critics.=20
<P>Bloody confrontations erupted three years ago between =
protesting=20
students and police when the government published a novel by a =
Syrian=20
writer that was deemed blasphemous.=20
<P>In 2001, three state-published novels were banned after coming =
under=20
fire from Islamists in parliament for alleged indecency, and last =
month=20
al-Azhar urged the Egyptian government to ban a novel by an =
outspoken=20
feminist writer, saying it violates Islam.=20
<P>"This is the beginnings of a religious police in Egypt," =
prominent=20
journalist and writer Adel Hammouda told the AP.=20
<P>"This is very, very dangerous," he warned. "It is a subjective =
power=20
that gives the religious establishment an executive authority when =
it=20
should only be consultative."=20
<P>Even having a permit to publish material will not be enough =
now,=20
Hammouda said, adding that "they can now be judge, jury and =
executioner."=20
=
<P></FONT></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE></FONT></DIV></BODY></HTML>
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